Avatar of Vocabulary Set 文学手法与元素

词汇集 文学手法与元素(属于 语言):完整且详细的清单

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allegory

/ˈæl.ə.ɡɔːr.i/

(noun) 寓言, 讽喻

示例:

George Orwell's 'Animal Farm' is a famous allegory for the Russian Revolution.
乔治·奥威尔的《动物庄园》是俄国革命的一个著名寓言

alliteration

/əˌlɪt̬.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

(noun) 头韵

示例:

The poem used alliteration with the phrase 'slippery, slithering snake'.
这首诗用“slippery, slithering snake”这个短语来表现头韵

allusion

/əˈluː.ʒən/

(noun) 典故, 暗指, 影射

示例:

The poem contains an allusion to Greek mythology.
这首诗中包含对希腊神话的典故

anachronism

/əˈnæk.rə.nɪ.zəm/

(noun) 时代错误, 不合时宜的事物

示例:

The sword in the modern play was an anachronism.
现代剧中的剑是一个时代错误

anthropomorphism

/ˌæn.θrə.pəˈmɔːr.fɪ.zəm/

(noun) 拟人化

示例:

The ancient Greeks often depicted their gods with human emotions, a clear example of anthropomorphism.
古希腊人经常将人类情感赋予他们的神,这是拟人化的明显例子。

antithesis

/ænˈtɪθ.ə.sɪs/

(noun) 对立面, 截然相反的事物, 相反

示例:

Love is the antithesis of hatred.
爱是恨的对立面

aphorism

/ˈæf.ɚ.ɪ.zəm/

(noun) 格言, 警句, 箴言

示例:

The book was full of wise aphorisms about life.
这本书充满了关于生活的智慧格言

archaism

/ɑːrˈkeɪ.ɪ.zəm/

(noun) 古语, 古词, 仿古风格

示例:

The poem was full of archaism, making it difficult for modern readers to understand.
这首诗充满了古语,使现代读者难以理解。

archetype

/ˈɑːr.kə.taɪp/

(noun) 原型, 典型, 原型 (荣格心理学)

示例:

He is the archetype of the successful entrepreneur.
他是成功企业家的典型

assonance

/ˈæs.ən.əns/

(noun) 半韵, 元音韵

示例:

The poem used assonance with the repeated 'o' sound in 'old' and 'cold'.
这首诗在“old”和“cold”中重复“o”音,使用了半韵

character

/ˈker.ək.tɚ/

(noun) 性格, 品格, 角色

示例:

He has a strong character.
他有很强的性格

dramatic irony

/drəˌmæt.ɪk ˈaɪ.rə.ni/

(noun) 戏剧性反讽

示例:

The play uses dramatic irony when the audience knows the killer's identity, but the characters do not.
当观众知道凶手的身份而剧中人物不知道时,这部剧运用了戏剧性反讽

ending

/ˈen.dɪŋ/

(noun) 结局, 结尾, 词尾

示例:

The movie had a surprising ending.
这部电影有一个令人惊讶的结局

euphemism

/ˈjuː.fə.mɪ.zəm/

(noun) 委婉语, 婉辞

示例:

'Passed away' is a euphemism for 'died'.
“去世”是“死亡”的委婉语

exposition

/ˌek.spəˈzɪʃ.ən/

(noun) 阐述, 解释, 说明

示例:

The book provides a clear exposition of the author's philosophy.
这本书对作者的哲学进行了清晰的阐述

flashback

/ˈflæʃ.bæk/

(noun) 闪回, 倒叙

示例:

The smell of smoke triggered a flashback to his time in the war.
烟味勾起了他对战争时期的闪回

foreshadowing

/fɔrˈʃæd·oʊ·ɪŋ, foʊr-/

(noun) 伏笔, 预示

示例:

The dark clouds and distant thunder served as foreshadowing of the coming storm.
乌云和远处的雷声预示着即将到来的风暴。

imagery

/ˈɪm.ə.dʒər.i/

(noun) 意象, 形象, 图像

示例:

The poet used vivid imagery to describe the sunset.
诗人用生动的意象来描绘日落。

irony

/ˈaɪ.rə.ni/

(noun) 反语, 讽刺, 反讽

示例:

The irony of the situation was that the fire station burned down.
情况的讽刺之处在于消防局被烧毁了。

juxtaposition

/ˌdʒʌk.stə.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

(noun) 并置, 并列

示例:

The artist used juxtaposition to highlight the differences between light and shadow.
艺术家运用并置来突出光影之间的差异。

litotes

/ˈlaɪ.təʊ.tiːz/

(noun) 反语, 低调陈述

示例:

The phrase "not bad" when describing a delicious meal is an example of litotes.
在描述美味餐点时,短语“不赖”是反语的一个例子。

metaphor

/ˈmet̬.ə.fɔːr/

(noun) 隐喻, 暗喻

示例:

The phrase 'drowning in debt' is a common metaphor.
“债台高筑”是一个常见的隐喻

metonymy

/məˈtɑː.nə.mi/

(noun) 转喻

示例:

The phrase 'the crown' is an example of metonymy, referring to the monarchy.
“王冠”这个短语是转喻的一个例子,指代君主制。

onomatopoeia

/ˌɑː.noʊˌmæt̬.oʊˈpiː.ə/

(noun) 拟声词, 象声词

示例:

The word 'buzz' is an example of onomatopoeia.
“嗡嗡”这个词是拟声词的一个例子。

oxymoron

/ˌɑːk.sɪˈmɔːr.ɑːn/

(noun) 矛盾修辞法, 反义词并列

示例:

The phrase 'jumbo shrimp' is a classic example of an oxymoron.
“巨型虾”这个短语是矛盾修辞法的经典例子。

non sequitur

/ˌnɑːn ˈsek.wɪ.tʊr/

(noun) 不合逻辑的推论, 不相干的结论

示例:

His argument was full of non sequiturs, making it hard to follow.
他的论点充满了不合逻辑的推论,让人难以理解。

personification

/pɚˌsɑː.nə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/

(noun) 拟人化, 化身, 典型

示例:

The wind whispered through the trees, a beautiful example of personification.
风在树林中低语,这是拟人化的一个美丽例子。

plot

/plɑːt/

(noun) 阴谋, 密谋, 情节;

(verb) 密谋, 策划, 绘制

示例:

The police uncovered a plot to overthrow the government.
警方破获了一起推翻政府的阴谋

repetition

/ˌrep.əˈtɪʃ.ən/

(noun) 重复, 反复

示例:

The repetition of the main theme makes the song memorable.
主旋律的重复使这首歌令人难忘。

pathetic fallacy

/pəˌθet.ɪk ˈfæl.ə.si/

(noun) 感伤的谬误

示例:

The author used pathetic fallacy to describe the angry storm.
作者运用感伤的谬误来描绘愤怒的暴风雨。

satire

/ˈsæt.aɪr/

(noun) 讽刺, 挖苦

示例:

His latest novel is a biting satire on modern consumerism.
他的最新小说是对现代消费主义的辛辣讽刺

point of view

/ˈpɔɪnt əv vjuː/

(noun) 观点, 看法

示例:

From my point of view, the decision was fair.
从我的角度来看,这个决定是公平的。

sarcasm

/ˈsɑːr.kæz.əm/

(noun) 讽刺, 挖苦

示例:

Her voice was full of sarcasm as she thanked him for his 'help'.
她感谢他的“帮助”时,声音里充满了讽刺

simile

/ˈsɪm.ə.li/

(noun) 明喻

示例:

The poet used a simile to describe the clouds as 'like cotton balls floating in the sky'.
诗人用明喻将云描述为“像棉花糖一样漂浮在空中”。

soliloquy

/səˈlɪl.ə.kwi/

(noun) 独白, 自言自语

示例:

Hamlet's famous 'To be or not to be' is a classic example of a soliloquy.
哈姆雷特著名的“生存还是毁灭”是独白的经典例子。

symbolism

/ˈsɪm.bə.lɪ.zəm/

(noun) 象征主义, 象征意义, 象征主义 (艺术运动)

示例:

The dove is a common symbolism for peace.
鸽子是和平的常见象征

spoonerism

/ˈspuːnərɪzəm/

(noun) 首音互换, 斯普纳语

示例:

The professor was famous for his frequent spoonerisms, like saying 'Our queer old dean' instead of 'Our dear old queen'.
这位教授以其频繁的首音互换而闻名,例如将“Our dear old queen”说成“Our queer old dean”。

synecdoche

/sɪˈnek.də.ki/

(noun) 提喻, 部分代整体

示例:

The phrase 'all hands on deck' is a synecdoche, where 'hands' refers to the sailors.
“all hands on deck”(全体船员就位)这个短语是一个提喻,其中“hands”(手)指代水手。

tautology

/tɑːˈtɑː.lə.dʒi/

(noun) 同义反复, 赘述, 重言式

示例:

The phrase 'free gift' is a tautology because a gift is inherently free.
“免费赠品”这个短语是同义反复,因为礼物本身就是免费的。

theme

/θiːm/

(noun) 主题, 题目, 主题曲;

(verb) 以...为主题, 定主题

示例:

The main theme of the novel is love and loss.
小说的主要主题是爱与失落。

tone

/toʊn/

(noun) 音色, 音调, 基调;

(verb) 定调, 缓和, 调整

示例:

The singer's voice had a beautiful, clear tone.
歌手的声音有美妙、清晰的音色

truism

/ˈtruː.ɪ.zəm/

(noun) 老生常谈, 自明之理

示例:

It's a truism that you can't please all the people all the time.
“你不可能一直取悦所有人”是一个老生常谈

setting

/ˈset̬.ɪŋ/

(noun) 背景, 环境, 地点

示例:

The movie's setting was a remote island.
电影的背景是一个偏远的岛屿。

zeugma

/ˈzuːɡ.mə/

(noun) 轭式修辞

示例:

The sentence 'She broke his car and his heart' is an example of zeugma.
句子“她弄坏了他的车和他的心”是轭式修辞的一个例子。

paradox

/ˈper.ə.dɑːks/

(noun) 悖论, 反论, 矛盾体

示例:

The statement "This statement is false" is a classic paradox.
“这句话是假的”是一个经典的悖论
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