Maksud perkataan vilification dalam bahasa Melayu

Apakah maksud vilification dalam bahasa Inggeris? Terokai maksud, sebutan dan penggunaan khusus perkataan ini bersama Lingoland

vilification

US /ˌvɪl.ə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
UK /ˌvɪl.ə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Kata Nama

1.

fitnah

the act of saying or writing unpleasant things about someone or something, in order to cause other people to have a bad opinion of them:

Contoh:
Participants were asked whether they had experienced discrimination or vilification because of their race or religion.
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