by-product
US /ˈbaɪˌprɑː.dʌkt/
UK /ˈbaɪˌprɑː.dʌkt/
1.
hasil sampingan
an incidental or secondary product made in the manufacture or synthesis of something else
:
•
The chemical process yields a useful by-product.
Proses kimia menghasilkan hasil sampingan yang berguna.
•
Waste materials are often a by-product of industrial production.
Bahan buangan seringkali merupakan hasil sampingan pengeluaran industri.
2.
hasil sampingan, kesan sampingan
a secondary or incidental result of a process or action
:
•
Stress is a common by-product of modern life.
Tekanan adalah hasil sampingan biasa kehidupan moden.
•
The increased traffic was an unfortunate by-product of the new development.
Peningkatan trafik adalah hasil sampingan yang tidak diingini daripada pembangunan baharu.