Avatar of Vocabulary Set 精神障碍

词汇集 精神障碍（属于 托福必备词汇）：完整且详细的清单

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disorder

/dɪˈsɔːr.dɚ/

(noun) 混乱, 杂乱, 疾病;

(verb) 弄乱, 打乱

示例:

The room was in complete disorder after the party.
派对结束后，房间里一片混乱。

anxiety

/æŋˈzaɪ.ə.t̬i/

(noun) 焦虑, 不安, 忧虑

示例:

He felt a surge of anxiety as he waited for the test results.
他等待考试结果时感到一阵焦虑。

mental

/ˈmen.təl/

(adjective) 精神的, 心理的, 精神失常的;

(noun) 精神病患者, 精神病人

示例:

She's suffering from mental fatigue.
她正遭受精神疲劳。

depression

/dɪˈpreʃ.ən/

(noun) 抑郁症, 萧条, 经济衰退

示例:

She has been suffering from severe depression for years.
她多年来一直患有严重的抑郁症。

mania

/ˈmeɪ.ni.ə/

(noun) 躁狂, 狂热, 癖好

示例:

She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder, which includes episodes of mania.
她被诊断出患有双相情感障碍，其中包括躁狂发作。

dementia

/dɪˈmen.ʃə/

(noun) 痴呆症, 失智症

示例:

Early diagnosis of dementia can help manage its progression.
痴呆症的早期诊断有助于控制其进展。

autism

/ˈɑː.tɪ.zəm/

hyperactivity

/ˌhaɪ.pɚ.ækˈtɪv.ə.t̬i/

(noun) 多动症, 活动过度

示例:

The child was diagnosed with hyperactivity.
这个孩子被诊断出患有多动症。

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

/əˌten.ʃən ˌdef.ə.sɪt ˌhaɪ.pɚ.æk.tɪv.ə.t̬i dɪsˈɔːr.dɚ/

(noun) 注意力缺陷多动障碍

示例:

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may struggle with focus in school.
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童可能在学校难以集中注意力。

obsessive-compulsive disorder

/əbˌses.ɪv.kəmˈpʌl.sɪv dɪsˈɔːr.dər/

(noun) 强迫症, OCD

示例:

She was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder after years of struggling with repetitive handwashing.
在与反复洗手斗争多年后，她被诊断出患有强迫症。

post-traumatic stress disorder

/poʊstˌtrɑːmætɪk ˈstres dɪsɔːrdər/

(noun) 创伤后应激障碍, PTSD

示例:

Many veterans suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder after returning from combat.
许多退伍军人从战场归来后患有创伤后应激障碍。

panic attack

/ˈpæn.ɪk əˌtæk/

(noun) 恐慌发作, 惊恐发作

示例:

She had a panic attack during the exam.
她在考试期间恐慌发作了。

paranoia

/ˌper.əˈnɔɪ.ə/

(noun) 偏执狂, 妄想症, 多疑

示例:

His increasing paranoia made him distrust everyone around him.
他日益增长的偏执使他对周围的每个人都产生了不信任感。

paranoid

/ˈper.ə.nɔɪd/

(adjective) 偏执的, 多疑的, 猜忌的

示例:

He became increasingly paranoid, believing everyone was out to get him.
他变得越来越偏执，认为所有人都想害他。

personality disorder

/ˌpɜːr.sənˈæl.ə.t̬i dɪsˈɔːr.dɚ/

(noun) 人格障碍

示例:

Borderline personality disorder is a complex mental health condition.
边缘性人格障碍是一种复杂的精神健康状况。

psychopath

/ˈsaɪ.kə.pæθ/

(noun) 精神变态者, 心理变态者

示例:

The movie is about a psychopath who terrorizes a small town.
这部电影讲述了一个恐怖袭击小镇的精神变态者的故事。

sociopath

/ˈsoʊ.si.ə.pæθ/

(noun) 反社会人格者, 反社会者

示例:

The character in the movie was a manipulative sociopath who felt no guilt.
电影中的角色是一个没有愧疚感的、具有控制欲的反社会人格者。

schizophrenia

/ˌskɪt.səˈfriː.ni.ə/

(noun) 精神分裂症

示例:

He was diagnosed with schizophrenia after experiencing hallucinations.
他在出现幻觉后被诊断出患有精神分裂症。

psychotic

/saɪˈkɑː.t̬ɪk/

(adjective) 精神病的, 精神病性的, 疯狂的;

(noun) 精神病患者

示例:

He was diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.
他被诊断出患有精神病性障碍。

borderline personality disorder

/ˈbɔːrdərlaɪn pɜːrsəˈnælɪti dɪsˈɔːrdər/

(noun) 边缘性人格障碍

示例:

She was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder after years of struggling with emotional instability.
在与情绪不稳定斗争多年后，她被诊断出患有边缘性人格障碍。

bipolar disorder

/ˌbaɪ.poʊ.lər dɪsˈɔːr.dər/

(noun) 双相情感障碍

示例:

She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder after experiencing extreme mood swings.
在经历了极端情绪波动后，她被诊断出患有双相情感障碍。

dissociative identity disorder

/dɪˌsoʊ.si.ə.tɪv aɪˈden.t̬ə.t̬i dɪsˈɔːr.dər/

(noun) 分离性身份识别障碍, 多重人格障碍

示例:

She was diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder after years of unexplained memory gaps and shifts in behavior.
在经历了多年无法解释的记忆空白和行为转变后，她被诊断出患有分离性身份识别障碍。

insomnia

/ɪnˈsɑːm.ni.ə/

(noun) 失眠

示例:

She suffered from severe insomnia, often staying awake all night.
她患有严重的失眠症，经常整夜失眠。

amnesia

/æmˈniː.ʒə/

(noun) 失忆症, 健忘症

示例:

After the accident, he suffered from temporary amnesia.
事故后，他患有暂时性失忆症。

egomania

/ˌiː.ɡoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/

(noun) 自我陶醉, 极端自我中心

示例:

His unchecked egomania led to the downfall of his company.
他 unchecked 的自我陶醉导致了他的公司倒闭。

trauma

/ˈtrɑː.mə/

(noun) 创伤, 精神打击, 外伤

示例:

The accident caused him severe emotional trauma.
那次事故给他造成了严重的精神创伤。

self-harm

/ˌselfˈhɑːrm/

(noun) 自残;

(verb) 自残

示例:

The charity provides support for young people struggling with self-harm.
该慈善机构为挣扎于自残行为的年轻人提供支持。

instability

/ˌɪn.stəˈbɪl.ə.t̬i/

(noun) 不稳定, 不稳定性

示例:

The political instability in the region is a major concern.
该地区的政治不稳定是一个主要问题。

complex

/kɑːmˈpleks/

(adjective) 复杂的, 错综的, 难以理解的;

(noun) 综合体, 建筑群, 情结

示例:

The human brain is a highly complex organ.
人脑是一个高度复杂的器官。

suicidal

/ˌsuː.əˈsaɪ.dəl/

(adjective) 自杀的, 自杀性, 自毁的

示例:

He was admitted to the hospital after expressing suicidal thoughts.
他在表达自杀念头后被送往医院。

masochistic

/ˌmæs.əˈkɪs.tɪk/

(adjective) 自虐的, 受虐狂的

示例:

Running a marathon in this heat seems almost masochistic.
在这种酷热下跑马拉松似乎近乎自虐。

sadistic

/səˈdɪs.tɪk/

(adjective) 虐待狂的, 施虐狂的

示例:

His sadistic behavior towards his subordinates was well-known.
他对下属的虐待狂行为是众所周知的。
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