by
US /baɪ/
UK /baɪ/
1.
通過, 藉助於
indicating the means of achieving something
:
•
He traveled by train.
他乘火車旅行。
•
She learned English by watching movies.
她通過看電影學習英語。
2.
由, 被
indicating the agent performing an action in a passive sentence
:
•
The book was written by a famous author.
這本書是由一位著名作家寫的。
•
The ball was hit by the player.
球是由球員擊打的。
3.
4.
在...之前, 不遲於
indicating a deadline or a point in time before which something happens
:
•
Please submit your report by Friday.
請在週五之前提交報告。
•
I need to finish this by noon.
我需要在中午之前完成這個。