単語 vilification の日本語での意味

vilification は英語で何を意味しますか?Lingolandと一緒にこの単語の意味、発音、具体的な使い方を学びましょう

vilification

US /ˌvɪl.ə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
UK /ˌvɪl.ə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/

名詞

1.

中傷

the act of saying or writing unpleasant things about someone or something, in order to cause other people to have a bad opinion of them:

:
Participants were asked whether they had experienced discrimination or vilification because of their race or religion.
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