credit rating agency
US /ˈkred.ɪt ˈreɪ.tɪŋ ˌeɪ.dʒən.si/
UK /ˈkred.ɪt ˈreɪ.tɪŋ ˌeɪ.dʒən.si/

1.
a company that assesses the financial strength of companies and governments and their ability to pay their debts, and publishes these assessments as credit ratings
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The credit rating agency downgraded the country's debt.
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Investors rely on reports from credit rating agencies.