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詞彙集 外觀和紋理(屬於 SAT科學詞彙):完整且詳細的清單

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contraction

/kənˈtræk.ʃən/

(noun) 收縮, 縮小, 縮寫

範例:

The contraction of the muscles caused the arm to bend.
肌肉的收縮導致手臂彎曲。

compaction

/kəmˈpæk.ʃən/

(noun) 壓實, 壓縮

範例:

Soil compaction can prevent plant roots from growing properly.
土壤壓實會阻礙植物根系的正常生長。

dimension

/ˌdaɪˈmen.ʃən/

(noun) 尺寸, 維度, 方面

範例:

The box has three dimensions: length, width, and height.
這個盒子有三個尺寸:長、寬和高。

curvature

/ˈkɝː.və.tʃɚ/

(noun) 曲率, 彎曲

範例:

The curvature of the Earth is visible from high altitudes.
從高空可以看到地球的曲率

facet

/ˈfæs.ət/

(noun) 方面, 部分, 刻面

範例:

She has many facets to her personality.
她的性格有很多方面

turbid

/ˈtɝː.bɪd/

(adjective) 渾濁的, 晦澀的, 混亂的

範例:

The river was turbid after the heavy rain.
大雨過後,河水變得渾濁

crooked

/ˈkrʊk.ɪd/

(adjective) 彎曲的, 歪斜的, 不誠實的

範例:

The old man's back was crooked from years of labor.
老人的背因多年勞作而彎曲

expansive

/ɪkˈspæn.sɪv/

(adjective) 廣闊的, 開闊的, 廣泛的

範例:

The house had an expansive view of the ocean.
這所房子有開闊的海景。

iridescent

/ˌɪr.əˈdes.ənt/

(adjective) 虹彩的, 色彩斑斕的

範例:

The iridescent scales of the fish shimmered under the water.
魚那色彩斑斕的鱗片在水下閃閃發光。

porous

/ˈpɔːr.əs/

(adjective) 多孔的, 有滲透性的, 有漏洞的

範例:

The rock was so porous that water seeped through it easily.
這塊岩石非常多孔,水很容易滲過。

ungainly

/ʌnˈɡeɪn.li/

(adjective) 笨拙的, 不雅的, 難看的

範例:

The giraffe's long legs made it look ungainly as it tried to run.
長頸鹿的長腿讓它在奔跑時顯得笨拙

towering

/ˈtaʊ.ɚ.ɪŋ/

(adjective) 高聳的, 傑出的, 巨大的

範例:

The skyscraper stood towering above all other buildings in the city.
那座摩天大樓高聳於城市中所有其他建築之上。

distorted

/dɪˈstɔːr.t̬ɪd/

(adjective) 扭曲的, 失真的, 歪曲的;

(past tense) 變形, 歪曲

範例:

The reflection in the funhouse mirror was distorted.
哈哈鏡裡的倒影是扭曲的

rigid

/ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/

(adjective) 僵硬的, 堅硬的, 不彎曲的

範例:

The old man's body was rigid with cold.
老人的身體因寒冷而僵硬

adhesive

/ədˈhiː.sɪv/

(noun) 粘合劑, 膠水;

(adjective) 粘合的, 有粘性的

範例:

Apply the adhesive evenly to both surfaces.
粘合劑均勻塗抹在兩個表面上。

sleek

/sliːk/

(adjective) 光滑的, 有光澤的, 時髦的;

(verb) 使光滑, 使有光澤

範例:

The cat had a beautiful, sleek coat.
這隻貓有一身漂亮、光滑的皮毛。

elastic

/iˈlæs.tɪk/

(adjective) 有彈性的, 彈力的, 靈活的;

(noun) 橡皮筋, 鬆緊帶

範例:

The waistband of these trousers is very elastic.
這條褲子的腰帶很有彈性

concrete

/ˈkɑːn.kriːt/

(noun) 混凝土;

(adjective) 具體的, 實在的;

(verb) 用混凝土鋪, 澆築混凝土

範例:

The bridge was built with reinforced concrete.
這座橋是用鋼筋混凝土建造的。

wispy

/ˈwɪs.pi/

(adjective) 稀疏的, 纖細的, 縹緲的

範例:

Her hair was fine and wispy.
她的頭髮又細又稀疏

undulating

/ˈʌn.djə.leɪ.t̬ɪŋ/

(adjective) 起伏的, 波浪形的;

(verb) 波動, 起伏, 扭動

範例:

The road followed the undulating contours of the hills.
道路沿著山丘起伏的輪廓延伸。

bumpy

/ˈbʌm.pi/

(adjective) 顛簸的, 崎嶇的, 不平的

範例:

The road to the village was very bumpy.
去村莊的路非常顛簸

scraggly

/ˈskræɡ.li/

(adjective) 瘦骨嶙峋的, 稀疏的, 參差不齊的

範例:

The old dog was looking quite scraggly after a long winter.
漫長的冬天過後,那隻老狗看起來相當瘦骨嶙峋

pleated

/ˈpliː.t̬ɪd/

(adjective) 百褶的, 有褶的

範例:

She wore a beautiful pleated skirt to the party.
她穿著一條漂亮的百褶裙去參加派對。

shallow

/ˈʃæl.oʊ/

(adjective) 淺的, 膚淺的, 淺薄的;

(verb) 使變淺, 變淺

範例:

The children were playing in the shallow end of the pool.
孩子們在泳池的淺水區玩耍。

labyrinthine

/ˌlæb.əˈrɪn.θaɪn/

(adjective) 迷宮般的, 錯綜複雜的, 費解的

範例:

The old city had labyrinthine alleys that were easy to get lost in.
這座古城有迷宮般的小巷,很容易迷路。

ornate

/ɔːrˈneɪt/

(adjective) 華麗的, 裝飾華麗的, 辭藻華麗的

範例:

The mirror was framed in ornate gold.
鏡子鑲著華麗的金邊。

elliptical

/iˈlɪp.tɪ.kəl/

(adjective) 橢圓的, 橢圓形的, 省略的

範例:

The planet orbits the sun in an elliptical path.
行星以橢圓形軌道繞太陽運行。

tubular

/ˈtuː.bjə.lɚ/

(adjective) 管狀的, 筒狀的, 管樂的

範例:

The plant has long, tubular leaves.
這種植物有長長的管狀葉子。

ovoid

/ˈoʊ.vɔɪd/

(adjective) 卵形的, 卵圓形的;

(noun) 卵形體

範例:

The artist sculpted an ovoid figure out of marble.
藝術家用大理石雕刻了一個卵形的人物。

malleable

/ˈmæl.i.ə.bəl/

(adjective) 可塑的, 易受影響的, 柔順的

範例:

Children are often more malleable than adults.
兒童通常比成人更可塑

clammy

/ˈklæm.i/

(adjective) 濕冷的, 黏糊糊的

範例:

His hands were clammy with sweat before the interview.
面試前,他的手因出汗而變得濕冷

unkempt

/ʌnˈkempt/

(adjective) 蓬亂的, 不整潔的, 凌亂的

範例:

His hair was unkempt and he needed a shave.
他的頭髮蓬亂,需要刮鬍子。

taut

/tɑːt/

(adjective) 拉緊的, 繃緊的, 簡潔的

範例:

Keep the rope taut while I tie the knot.
在我打結時,保持繩子拉緊

crinkly

/ˈkrɪŋ.kli/

(adjective) 有皺紋的, 皺巴巴的

範例:

The old man's face was covered with crinkly lines.
老人的臉上佈滿了皺紋

hollow

/ˈhɑː.loʊ/

(adjective) 空心, 中空的, 空洞的;

(noun) 凹地, 山谷, 窪地;

(verb) 挖空, 掏空

範例:

The tree trunk was hollow inside.
樹幹裡面是空心的。

lifelike

/ˈlaɪf.laɪk/

(adjective) 逼真的, 栩栩如生的

範例:

The statue was so lifelike that I thought it was a real person.
那座雕像非常逼真,我以為是個真人。

tensile

/ˈten.sɪl/

(adjective) 拉伸的, 可拉長的

範例:

The engineer tested the tensile strength of the new alloy.
工程師測試了新合金的拉伸強度。

expand

/ɪkˈspænd/

(verb) 擴大, 擴展, 膨脹

範例:

The business plans to expand into new markets next year.
該公司計劃明年拓展新市場。

compress

/kəmˈpres/

(verb) 壓縮, 壓緊, 按壓;

(noun) 敷布, 濕敷

範例:

The machine can compress large bales of hay.
這台機器可以壓縮大捆乾草。

elongate

/ɪˈlɑːŋ.ɡeɪt/

(verb) 拉長, 延長;

(adjective) 細長的, 延長的

範例:

The artist decided to elongate the figures in her painting to create a more dramatic effect.
藝術家決定拉長畫中的人物,以營造更具戲劇性的效果。

pigment

/ˈpɪɡ.mənt/

(noun) 色素, 顏料;

(verb) 著色, 染色

範例:

Melanin is the pigment that gives human skin, hair, and eyes their color.
黑色素是賦予人類皮膚、頭髮和眼睛顏色的色素

blemish

/ˈblem.ɪʃ/

(noun) 瑕疵, 污點, 缺點;

(verb) 玷污, 損害, 弄髒

範例:

The antique table had a few minor blemishes.
那張古董桌子有一些小瑕疵

crease

/kriːs/

(noun) 褶皺, 折痕, 線;

(verb) 弄皺, 起皺

範例:

He smoothed out the crease in his trousers.
他把褲子上的褶皺弄平了。

smudge

/smʌdʒ/

(noun) 污跡, 模糊的痕跡;

(verb) 弄髒, 弄模糊

範例:

There's a dirty smudge on the window.
窗戶上有一塊髒污跡

contour

/ˈkɑːn.tʊr/

(noun) 輪廓, 外形, 形狀;

(verb) 勾勒, 塑形, 貼合

範例:

The artist sketched the delicate contour of her face.
藝術家勾勒出她臉部柔和的輪廓

smear

/smɪr/

(verb) 塗抹, 弄髒, 抹黑;

(noun) 污跡, 塗抹, 誹謗

範例:

He accidentally smeared paint on his new shirt.
他不小心把顏料塗抹到了新襯衫上。

felt

/felt/

(noun) 氈子, 毛氈;

(past tense) 感到, 覺得

範例:

The hat was made of soft felt.

這頂帽子是用柔軟的氈子做的。

embellish

/ɪmˈbel.ɪʃ/

(verb) 裝飾, 點綴, 美化

範例:

She likes to embellish her clothes with beads and sequins.
她喜歡用珠子和亮片裝飾她的衣服。

extend

/ɪkˈstend/

(verb) 延長, 擴展, 提供

範例:

We plan to extend the kitchen by two meters.
我們計畫把廚房擴建兩米。
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