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词汇集 化学(属于 C2级别):完整且详细的清单

词汇集「化学」(属于「C2级别」)从国际标准教材来源精心挑选,帮助您在短时间内掌握词汇。全面汇整定义、例句及标准发音…

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entropy

/ˈen.trə.pi/

(noun) 熵, 信息熵, 混乱

示例:

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time.
热力学第二定律指出,孤立系统的只能随时间增加。

solute

/ˈsɑːl.juːt/

(noun) 溶质

示例:

When sugar dissolves in water, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent.
当糖溶解在水中时,糖是溶质,水是溶剂。

reactant

/riˈæk.tənt/

(noun) 反应物

示例:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are converted into products.
在化学反应中,反应物转化为产物。

catalyst

/ˈkæt̬.əl.ɪst/

(noun) 催化剂, 推动力

示例:

Enzymes act as biological catalysts in the body.
酶在体内充当生物催化剂

catalysis

/kəˈtæl.ə.sɪs/

(noun) 催化

示例:

Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate catalysis in living organisms.
酶是生物催化剂,促进生物体内的催化作用

covalent bond

/ˌkoʊ.veɪ.lənt ˈbɑːnd/

(noun) 共价键

示例:

Water molecules are held together by covalent bonds.
水分子通过共价键结合在一起。

isomer

/ˈaɪ.soʊ.mɚ/

(noun) 异构体

示例:

Glucose and fructose are isomers of each other, both having the formula C6H12O6 but different structures.
葡萄糖和果糖互为异构体,两者都具有C6H12O6的分子式,但结构不同。

polymer

/ˈpɑː.lɪ.mɚ/

(noun) 聚合物

示例:

Plastic is a common example of a polymer.
塑料是聚合物的常见例子。

monomer

/ˈmɑː.nə.mɚ/

(noun) 单体

示例:

Glucose is a monomer that can form complex carbohydrates like starch.
葡萄糖是一种可以形成淀粉等复杂碳水化合物的单体

hydrocarbon

/ˌhaɪ.droʊˈkɑːr.bən/

(noun) 碳氢化合物

示例:

Methane is a simple hydrocarbon.
甲烷是一种简单的碳氢化合物

ester

/ˈes.tɚ/

(noun)

示例:

Fats are a type of ester formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
脂肪是由甘油和脂肪酸形成的一种

aldehyde

/ˈæl.dəˌhaɪd/

(noun)

示例:

Formaldehyde is a common aldehyde used in various industries.
甲醛是一种常用于各种工业的

alcohol

/ˈæl.kə.hɑːl/

(noun) 酒精, 酒

示例:

Drinking too much alcohol can be harmful to your health.
饮用过多的酒精可能对您的健康有害。

ketone

/ˈkiː.toʊn/

(noun)

示例:

Acetone is the simplest ketone.
丙酮是最简单的

molarity

/moʊˈlær·ɪ·t̬i/

(noun) 摩尔浓度

示例:

The molarity of the acid solution was determined by titration.
酸溶液的摩尔浓度通过滴定确定。

electrolyte

/iˈlek.trə.laɪt/

(noun) 电解质

示例:

The battery uses a liquid electrolyte to conduct electricity.
电池使用液体电解质导电。

colloid

/ˈkɑː.lɔɪd/

(noun) 胶体

示例:

Milk is a common example of a colloid.
牛奶是胶体的常见例子。

corrosion

/kəˈroʊ.ʒən/

(noun) 腐蚀, 锈蚀, 侵蚀

示例:

The bridge showed signs of severe corrosion due to saltwater exposure.
由于暴露在盐水中,这座桥梁出现了严重的腐蚀迹象。

alkali

/ˈæl.kəl.aɪ/

(noun) 碱, 碱性物质

示例:

Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali.
氢氧化钠是一种强

ammonia

/əˈmoʊ.ni.ə/

(noun) 氨, 氨水

示例:

The strong smell of ammonia filled the air.
空气中弥漫着浓烈的氨水味。

alloy

/ˈæl.ɔɪ/

(noun) 合金;

(verb) 合金化

示例:

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
黄铜是铜和锌的合金

halogen

/ˈhæl.ə.dʒen/

(noun) 卤素, 卤素灯

示例:

Chlorine is a common halogen used in disinfectants.
氯是一种常用的卤素,用于消毒剂。

isotope

/ˈaɪ.sə.toʊp/

(noun) 同位素

示例:

Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon.
碳-14是碳的一种放射性同位素

noble gas

/ˌnoʊbl ˈɡæs/

(noun) 惰性气体, 稀有气体

示例:

Helium is a noble gas often used to inflate balloons.
氦气是一种常用于给气球充气的惰性气体

emulsion

/ɪˈmʌl.ʃən/

(noun) 乳液, 乳状液, 感光乳剂

示例:

Mayonnaise is an emulsion of oil and egg yolk.
蛋黄酱是油和蛋黄的乳液

half-life

/ˈhæf.laɪf/

(noun) 半衰期

示例:

The half-life of carbon-14 is about 5,730 years.
碳-14的半衰期约为5,730年。

depleted uranium

/dɪˌpliːtɪd ˈjʊr.eɪ.ni.əm/

(noun) 贫铀

示例:

The tank's armor was reinforced with depleted uranium.
坦克的装甲用贫铀加固。

solvent

/ˈsɑːl.vənt/

(adjective) 有偿付能力的, 有支付能力的;

(noun) 溶剂

示例:

The company remained solvent despite the economic downturn.
尽管经济衰退,公司仍保持偿付能力

charged

/tʃɑːrdʒd/

(adjective) 带电的, 充电的, 紧张的;

(past participle) 收费, 索价, 指控;

(verb) 收费, 索价, 指控

示例:

The battery is fully charged.
电池已充满电。
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