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Biology Vocabulary Set in Level C2: Full and Detailed List

The 'Biology' vocabulary set in 'Level C2' is carefully selected from standard international textbook sources, helping you master vocabulary in a short time. Comprehensive compilation of definitions, illustrative examples, and standard pronunciation...

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ribosome

/ˈraɪ.bə.soʊm/

Example:

Proteins are synthesized on the ribosomes in the cell's cytoplasm.

mitochondrion

/ˌmaɪ.t̬oʊˈkɑːn.dri.ən/

Example:

The mitochondrion is often called the powerhouse of the cell.

chloroplast

/ˈklɔːr.ə.plæst/

Example:

The plant cells are rich in chloroplasts, essential for photosynthesis.

nucleotide

/ˈnuː.kli.oʊ/

Example:

Each strand of DNA is a long chain of nucleotides.

polypeptide

/ˌpɑː.liˈpep.taɪd/

Example:

The ribosome synthesizes a polypeptide chain.

organelle

/ˌɔːr.ɡənˈel/

Example:

Mitochondria are important organelles responsible for energy production.

vacuole

/ˈvæk.ju.oʊl/

Example:

Plant cells often have a large central vacuole.

centriole

/ˈsen.tri.oʊl/

Example:

During cell division, the centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell.

telomere

/ˈte.lə.mɪr/

Example:

The length of a telomere is often associated with cellular aging.

phenotype

/ˈfiː.noʊ.taɪp/

Example:

The color of a flower is a clear phenotype.

homeostasis

/ˌhoʊ.mi.oʊˈsteɪ.sɪs/

Example:

The body maintains homeostasis through various regulatory mechanisms.

translation

/trænsˈleɪ.ʃən/

Example:

The translation of the document took several hours.

transcription

/trænˈskrɪp.ʃən/

Example:

The secretary provided a detailed transcription of the meeting minutes.

replication

/ˌrep.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Example:

The experiment requires careful replication to ensure accuracy.

codon

/ˈkoʊ.dɑːn/

Example:

Each codon specifies a particular amino acid.

symbiosis

/ˌsɪm.baɪˈoʊ.sɪs/

Example:

The clownfish and the sea anemone live in a perfect example of symbiosis.

ameba

/əˈmiː.bə/

Example:

The ameba moved slowly across the microscope slide.

prokaryote

/proʊˈker.i.oʊt/

Example:

Bacteria are a common example of a prokaryote.

chlorophyll

/ˈklɔːr.ə.fɪl/

Example:

The leaves get their green color from chlorophyll.

capsid

/ˈkæpsɪd/

Example:

The viral genome is protected by the capsid.

eukaryote

/juːˈker.i.oʊt/

Example:

Humans are eukaryotes, as our cells contain a nucleus.

ovum

/ˈoʊ.vəm/

Example:

The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm marks the beginning of a new life.

pepsin

/ˈpep.sɪn/

Example:

Pepsin is crucial for the initial stages of protein digestion.
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