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Neurology and Blood Biochemistry Vocabulary Set in SAT Natural Sciences: Full and Detailed List

The 'Neurology and Blood Biochemistry' vocabulary set in 'SAT Natural Sciences' is carefully selected from standard international textbook sources, helping you master vocabulary in a short time. Comprehensive compilation of definitions, illustrative examples, and standard pronunciation...

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neuron

/ˈnʊr.ɑːn/

Example:

The brain contains billions of neurons.

white matter

/ˈwaɪt ˌmæt.ər/

Example:

Damage to the white matter can impair cognitive function.

parasympathetic

/ˌper.ə.sɪm.pəˈθet̬.ɪk/

Example:

Deep breathing exercises can activate the parasympathetic nervous system.

autonomic

/ˌɑː.t̬əˈnoʊ.mɪk/

Example:

The doctor explained the role of the autonomic nervous system in regulating heart rate.

hippocampus

/ˌhɪp.əˈkæm.pəs/

Example:

Damage to the hippocampus can impair the formation of new memories.

neurotransmitter

/ˌnʊr.oʊ.trænsˈmɪt̬.ɚ/

Example:

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in how we feel pleasure.

neurogenesis

/ˌnʊr.oʊˈdʒen.ə.sɪs/

Example:

Physical exercise has been shown to stimulate neurogenesis in the hippocampus.

neurosis

/nʊˈroʊ.sɪs/

Example:

She developed a severe neurosis after the traumatic event.

neuroscientist

/ˌnʊr.oʊˈsaɪ.ən.tɪst/

Example:

The neuroscientist explained how memories are formed in the brain.

synesthesia

/ˌsɪn.əsˈθiː.ʒə/

Example:

People with synesthesia might taste words or see music as colors.

sensation

/senˈseɪ.ʃən/

Example:

She had a strange sensation in her stomach.

short-term memory

/ˌʃɔːrt.tɜːrm ˈmem.ər.i/

Example:

He has a very good short-term memory for names.

endocrinology

/ˌen.doʊ.krɪˈnɑː.lə.dʒi/

Example:

She decided to specialize in endocrinology after medical school.

melatonin

/mel.əˈtoʊ.nɪn/

Example:

Many people take melatonin supplements to help with jet lag.

ghrelin

/ˈɡrel.ɪn/

Example:

When your stomach is empty, it releases ghrelin to signal your brain that you are hungry.

leptin

/ˈlep.tɪn/

Example:

Leptin is often referred to as the satiety hormone because it helps inhibit hunger.

estrogen

/ˈes.trə.dʒən/

Example:

Estrogen levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle.

serotonin

/ˌse.rəˈtoʊ.nɪn/

Example:

Exercise is known to increase the levels of serotonin in the brain.

norepinephrine

/ˌnɔːr.ep.ɪˈnef.rɪn/

Example:

Stress can lead to an increase in norepinephrine levels.

histamine

/ˈhɪs.tə.miːn/

Example:

The body releases histamine during an allergic reaction.

lipoprotein

/ˌlaɪ.poʊˈproʊ.tiːn/

Example:

High levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

synapse

/ˈsaɪ.næps/

Example:

Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse to transmit signals.

biomarker

/ˈbaɪ.oʊˌmɑːr.kɚ/

Example:

High levels of this protein serve as a biomarker for heart disease.

amino acid

/ˌæm.ɪ.noʊ ˈæs.ɪd/

Example:

Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids.

acidosis

/ˌæsɪˈdoʊsɪs/

Example:

Severe acidosis can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

alkalosis

/ˌæl.kəˈloʊ.sɪs/

Example:

Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of stomach acid.

hemoglobin

/ˌhiː.məˈɡloʊ.bɪn/

Example:

Low hemoglobin levels can indicate anemia.

cytokine

/ˈsaɪ.t̬əˌkaɪn/

Example:

Cytokines play a crucial role in immune responses.

inhibitory

/ɪnˈhɪb.ɪ.tɔːr.i/

Example:

The drug has an inhibitory effect on the virus.
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